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Type Soundness

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Andreas Stadelmeier 2024-02-01 14:54:44 +01:00
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soundness.tex
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@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ TODO:
\unify{}'s type solutions for a constraint set generated by $\typeExpr{}$ are correct. \unify{}'s type solutions for a constraint set generated by $\typeExpr{}$ are correct.
\begin{description} \begin{description}
\item[if] $\typeExpr{}(\mtypeEnvironment{}, \texttt{e}, \tv{a}) = C$ \item[if] $\typeExpr{}(\mtypeEnvironment{}, \texttt{e}, \tv{a}) = C$
and $(\Delta, \sigma) = \unify{}(\Delta', C)$ and $(\Delta_u, \sigma) = \unify{}(\Delta', C)$ and let $\Delta = \Delta_u \cup \Delta'$
% , with $C = \set{ \overline{ \type{S} \lessdot \type{T} } \cup \overline{ \type{S'} \lessdotCC \type{T'} } }$ % , with $C = \set{ \overline{ \type{S} \lessdot \type{T} } \cup \overline{ \type{S'} \lessdotCC \type{T'} } }$
% and $\vdash \ol{L} : \mtypeEnvironment{}$ % and $\vdash \ol{L} : \mtypeEnvironment{}$
% and $\Gamma \subseteq \mtypeEnvironment{}$ % and $\Gamma \subseteq \mtypeEnvironment{}$
% \item[given] a $(\Delta, \sigma)$ with $\Delta \vdash \overline{\sigma(\type{S}) <: \sigma(\type{T})}$ % \item[given] a $(\Delta, \sigma)$ with $\Delta \vdash \overline{\sigma(\type{S}) <: \sigma(\type{T})}$
% and there exists a $\Delta'$ with $\Delta, \Delta' \vdash \overline{\CC{}(\sigma(\type{S'})) <: \sigma(\type{T'})}$ % and there exists a $\Delta'$ with $\Delta, \Delta' \vdash \overline{\CC{}(\sigma(\type{S'})) <: \sigma(\type{T'})}$
\item[then] $\Delta|\Gamma \vdash |\texttt{e}| : \sigma(\tv{a})$ \item[then] there is a completion $|\texttt{e}|$ with $\Delta|\Gamma \vdash |\texttt{e}| : \sigma(\tv{a})$
\end{description} \end{description}
\end{lemma} \end{lemma}
Regular type placeholders represent type annotations. Regular type placeholders represent type annotations.
@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ used in let statements and as type parameters for generic method calls.
% Or is it possible to deduct the right \ol{S} directly from the types in the normal TPHs? % Or is it possible to deduct the right \ol{S} directly from the types in the normal TPHs?
\textit{Proof:} \textit{Proof:}
By structural induction over the expression $\texttt{e}$. By structural induction over the expression $\texttt{e}$.
\begin{description} \begin{description}
\item[$\texttt{e}.\texttt{f}$] Let $\sigma(\tv{r}) = \wcNtype{\Delta_c}{N}$, \item[$\texttt{e}.\texttt{f}$] Let $\sigma(\tv{r}) = \wcNtype{\Delta_c}{N}$,
then $\Delta|\Gamma \vdash \texttt{e} : \wcNtype{\Delta_c}{N}$ by assumption. then $\Delta|\Gamma \vdash \texttt{e} : \wcNtype{\Delta_c}{N}$ by assumption.
@ -97,30 +97,39 @@ By structural induction over the expression $\texttt{e}$.
\item[$\texttt{e}.\texttt{m}(\ol{e})$] \item[$\texttt{e}.\texttt{m}(\ol{e})$]
Lets have a look at the case where the receiver and parameter types are all named types. Lets have a look at the case where the receiver and parameter types are all named types.
So $\sigma(\ol{\tv{r}}) = \ol{T} = \ol{\wcNtype{\Delta}{N}}$ and $\sigma(\tv{r}) = \type{T}_r = \wcNtype{\Delta'}{N}$: So $\sigma(\ol{\tv{r}}) = \ol{T} = \ol{\wcNtype{\Delta_u}{N}}$ and $\sigma(\tv{r}) = \type{T}_r = \wcNtype{\Delta_u}{N}$
\begin{gather} and a $\Delta'$, $\overline{\Delta}$ where $\Delta' \subseteq \Delta_u$, $\overline{\Delta \subseteq \Delta_u}$
\label{sp:0} and $\text{dom}(\Delta') = (\text{fv}(\type{N})/\Delta)$, $\overline{\text{dom}(\Delta) = (\text{fv}(\type{N})/\Delta)}$ in
\Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash [\ol{S}/\ol{X}]\type{U} \type{T} \\
\label{sp:1} $\texttt{let}\ \texttt{x} : \wcNtype{\Delta'}{N} = \texttt{e} \ \texttt{in}\
\Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash \ol{N} <: [\ol{S}/\ol{X}]\ol{U} \\ \texttt{let}\ \ol{x} : \overline{\wcNtype{\Delta'}{N}} = \ol{e} \ \texttt{in}\ \texttt{x}.\texttt{m}(\ol{x})$
\label{sp:2}
\Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash \ol{S} <: [\ol{S}/\ol{X}]\ol{U'} \\ %TODO: show that this type exists \wcNtype{\Delta'}{N} (a \Delta' which only contains free variables of the type N)
\label{sp:3} % and which is a supertype of T_r (so no free variables in T_r)
\Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash \ol{S} \ \ok \\ This implies $\text{dom}(\Delta') \subseteq \text{fv}(\type{N})$ and $\text{dom}(\Delta') \subseteq \text{fv}(\type{N})$
\label{sp:4} $\Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash [\ol{S}/\ol{X}]\type{U} \type{T}$,
\Delta, \Delta' \vdash \ol{T} <: \ol{\wcNtype{\Delta}{N}} $\Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash \ol{N} <: [\ol{S}/\ol{X}]\ol{U}$,
\end{gather} and $\Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash \ol{S} <: [\ol{S}/\ol{X}]\ol{U'}$
\ref{sp:0}, \ref{sp:1} and \ref{sp:2} are guaranteed by the generated constraints and lemma \ref{lemma:unifySoundness} and \ref{lemma:unifyCC}. are guaranteed by the generated constraints and lemma \ref{lemma:unifySoundness} and \ref{lemma:unifyCC}.
\ref{sp:4} due to $\ol{T} = \ol{\wcNtype{\Delta}{N}}$ and S-Refl. $\Delta, \Delta' \vdash \type{T}_r <: \wcNtype{\Delta'}{N}$ accordingly. $\Delta, \Delta' \vdash \ol{T} <: \ol{\wcNtype{\Delta}{N}}$ due to $\ol{T} = \ol{\wcNtype{\Delta}{N}}$ and S-Refl. $\Delta, \Delta' \vdash \type{T}_r <: \wcNtype{\Delta'}{N}$ accordingly.
$\Delta|\Gamma \vdash \texttt{t}_r : \type{T}_r$ and $\Delta|\Gamma \vdash \ol{t} : \ol{T}_r$ by assumption. $\Delta|\Gamma \vdash \texttt{t}_r : \type{T}_r$ and $\Delta|\Gamma \vdash \ol{t} : \ol{T}_r$ by assumption.
$\Delta, \Delta' \vdash \ol{\wcNtype{\Delta}{N}} \ \ok$ by lemma \ref{lemma:unifyWellFormedness}, $\Delta, \Delta' \vdash \ol{\wcNtype{\Delta}{N}} \ \ok$ by lemma \ref{lemma:unifyWellFormedness},
therefore $\Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash \ol{N} \ \ok$, which implies $\Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash \ol{U} \ \ok$ therefore $\Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash \ol{N} \ \ok$, which implies $\Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash \ol{U} \ \ok$
by lemma \ref{lemma:wfHereditary} and \ref{sp:3} by premise of WF-Class. by lemma \ref{lemma:wfHereditary} and $\Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash \ol{S} \ \ok $ by premise of WF-Class.
The same goes for $\wcNtype{\Delta'}{N}$. The same goes for $\wcNtype{\Delta'}{N}$.
$\text{dom}(\Delta') \subseteq \text{fv}(\type{N})$ TODO!
%\ref{sp:3} % \begin{gather}
%TODO: S is not in \sigma. They are generated by a local type inference algorithm % \label{sp:0}
% \Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash [\ol{S}/\ol{X}]\type{U} \type{T} \\
% \label{sp:1}
% \Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash \ol{N} <: [\ol{S}/\ol{X}]\ol{U} \\
% \label{sp:2}
% \Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash \ol{S} <: [\ol{S}/\ol{X}]\ol{U'} \\
% \label{sp:3}
% \Delta, \Delta', \overline{\Delta} \vdash \ol{S} \ \ok \\
% \label{sp:4}
% \Delta, \Delta' \vdash \ol{T} <: \ol{\wcNtype{\Delta}{N}}
% \end{gather}
Method calls generate multiple constraints that share the same wildcard placeholders ($\ol{\wtv{a}}$, $\ol{\wtv{b}}$). Method calls generate multiple constraints that share the same wildcard placeholders ($\ol{\wtv{a}}$, $\ol{\wtv{b}}$).
%TODO: show that only those wildcards in the parameters and receiver type are used ($\ol{\Delta}$) %TODO: show that only those wildcards in the parameters and receiver type are used ($\ol{\Delta}$)