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8247956: remove scripts under bin/nashorn and doc/nashorn/source

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Reviewed-by: jlaskey
This commit is contained in:
Athijegannathan Sundararajan 2020-06-23 17:22:07 +05:30
parent 36d716aa08
commit 1e1985da9b
21 changed files with 0 additions and 2629 deletions
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37
bin/nashorn/fixwhitespace.sh
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#!/bin/bash
#
# Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
#
# This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
# published by the Free Software Foundation.
#
# This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
# version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
# accompanied this code).
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
# 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
# Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
#
# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
# questions.
#
fix() {
#convert tabs to spaces
find . -name $1 -exec sed -i "" 's/ / /g' {} \;
#remove trailing whitespace
find . -name $1 -exec sed -i "" 's/[ ]*$//' \{} \;
}
if [ ! -z $1 ]; then
fix $1;
else
fix "*.java"
fix "*.js"
fi

135
bin/nashorn/runopt.sh
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#!/bin/sh
#
# Copyright (c) 2010, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
#
# This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
# published by the Free Software Foundation.
#
# This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
# version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
# accompanied this code).
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
# 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
# Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
#
# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
# questions.
#
###########################################################################################
# This is a helper script to evaluate nashorn with optimistic types
# it produces a flight recording for every run, and uses the best
# known flags for performance for the current configration
###########################################################################################
# Flags to enable assertions, we need the system assertions too, since
# this script runs Nashorn in the BCP to override any nashorn.jar that might
# reside in your $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/ext/nashorn.jar
#
ENABLE_ASSERTIONS_FLAGS="-ea -esa"
# Flags to instrument lambdaform computation, caching, interpretation and compilation
# Default compile threshold for lambdaforms is 30
#
#LAMBDAFORM_FLAGS="\
# -Djava.lang.invoke.MethodHandle.COMPILE_THRESHOLD=3 \
# -Djava.lang.invoke.MethodHandle.DUMP_CLASS_FILES=true \
# -Djava.lang.invoke.MethodHandle.TRACE_METHOD_LINKAGE=true \
# -Djava.lang.invoke.MethodHandle.TRACE_INTERPRETER=true"
# Flags to run trusted tests from the Nashorn test suite
#
#TRUSTED_TEST_FLAGS="\
#-Djava.security.manager \
#-Djava.security.policy=../build/nashorn.policy -Dnashorn.debug"
# Testing out new code optimizations using the generic hotspot "new code" parameter
#
#USE_NEW_CODE_FLAGS=-XX:+UnlockDiagnosticVMOptions -XX:+UseNewCode
#
#-Dnashorn.typeInfo.disabled=false \
# and for Nashorn options:
# --class-cache-size=0 --persistent-code-cache=false
# Unique timestamped file name for JFR recordings. For JFR, we also have to
# crank up the stack cutoff depth to 1024, because of ridiculously long lambda form
# stack traces.
#
# It is also recommended that you go into $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/jfr/default.jfc and
# set the "method-sampling-interval" Normal and Maximum sample time as low as you
# can go (10 ms on most platforms). The default is normally higher. The increased
# sampling overhead is usually negligible for Nashorn runs, but the data is better
if [ -z $JFR_FILENAME ]; then
JFR_FILENAME="./nashorn_$(date|sed "s/ /_/g"|sed "s/:/_/g").jfr"
fi
# Flight recorder
#
# see above - already in place, copy the flags down here to disable
ENABLE_FLIGHT_RECORDER_FLAGS="\
-XX:+FlightRecorder \
-XX:FlightRecorderOptions=defaultrecording=true,disk=true,dumponexit=true,dumponexitpath=$JFR_FILENAME,stackdepth=1024"
# Type specialization and math intrinsic replacement should be enabled by default in 8u20 and nine,
# keeping this flag around for experimental reasons. Replace + with - to switch it off
#
#ENABLE_TYPE_SPECIALIZATION_FLAGS=-XX:+UseTypeSpeculation
# Same with math intrinsics. They should be enabled by default in 8u20 and 9, so
# this disables them if needed
#
#DISABLE_MATH_INTRINSICS_FLAGS=-XX:-UseMathExactIntrinsics
# Add timing to time the compilation phases.
#ENABLE_TIME_FLAGS=--log=time
# Add ShowHiddenFrames to get lambda form internals on the stack traces
#ENABLE_SHOW_HIDDEN_FRAMES_FLAGS=-XX:+ShowHiddenFrames
# Add print optoassembly to get an asm dump. This requires 1) a debug build, not product,
# That tired compilation is switched off, for C2 only output and that the number of
# compiler threads is set to 1 for determinsm.
#
#PRINT_ASM_FLAGS=-XX:+PrintOptoAssembly -XX:-TieredCompilation -XX:CICompilerCount=1 \
# Tier compile threasholds. Default value is 10. (1-100 is useful for experiments)
#TIER_COMPILATION_THRESHOLD_FLAGS=-XX:IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt=10
# Directory where to look for nashorn.jar in a dist folder. The default is "..", assuming
# that we run the script from the make dir
DIR=..
NASHORN_JAR=$DIR/dist/nashorn.jar
# The built Nashorn jar is placed first in the bootclasspath to override the JDK
# nashorn.jar in $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/ext. Thus, we also need -esa, as assertions in
# nashorn count as system assertions in this configuration
# Type profiling default level is 111, 222 adds some compile time, but is faster
$JAVA_HOME/bin/java \
$ENABLE_ASSERTIONS_FLAGS \
$LAMBDAFORM_FLAGS \
$TRUSTED_FLAGS \
$USE_NEW_CODE_FLAGS \
$ENABLE_SHOW_HIDDEN_FRAMES_FLAGS \
$ENABLE_FLIGHT_RECORDER_FLAGS \
$ENABLE_TYPE_SPECIALIZATION_FLAGS \
$TIERED_COMPILATION_THRESOLD_FLAGS \
$DISABLE_MATH_INTRINSICS_FLAGS \
$PRINT_ASM_FLAGS \
-Xbootclasspath/p:$NASHORN_JAR \
-Xms2G -Xmx2G \
-XX:TypeProfileLevel=222 \
-cp $CLASSPATH:../build/test/classes/ \
jdk.nashorn.tools.Shell $ENABLE_TIME_FLAGS ${@}

631
doc/nashorn/DEVELOPER_README
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This document describes system properties that are used for internal
debugging and instrumentation purposes, along with the system loggers,
which are used for the same thing.
This document is intended as a developer resource, and it is not
needed as Nashorn documentation for normal usage. Flags and system
properties described herein are subject to change without notice.
=====================================
1. System properties used internally
=====================================
This documentation of the system property flags assume that the
default value of the flag is false, unless otherwise specified.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.args=<string>
This property takes as its value a space separated list of Nashorn
command line options that should be passed to Nashorn. This might be
useful in environments where it is hard to tell how a nashorn.jar is
launched.
Example:
> java -Dnashorn.args="--lazy-complation --log=compiler" large-java-app-with-nashorn.jar
> ant -Dnashorn.args="--log=codegen" antjob
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.args.prepend=<string>
This property behaves like nashorn.args, but adds the given arguments
before the existing ones instead of after them. Later arguments will
overwrite earlier ones, so this is useful for setting default arguments
that can be overwritten.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.unstable.relink.threshold=x
NOTE: This property is deprecated in favor of the
"--unstable-relink-threshold" command line option. It controls how many
call site misses are allowed before a callsite is relinked with "apply"
semantics to never change again. In the case of megamorphic callsites,
this is necessary, or the program would spend all its time swapping out
callsite targets. When neither the system property nor the command line
option are specified, defaults to 8, or 16 with optimistic types turned
on.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.compiler.splitter.threshold=x
This will change the node weight that requires a subgraph of the IR to
be split into several classes in order not to run out of bytecode space.
The default value is 0x8000 (32768).
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.serialize.compression=<x>
This property sets the compression level used when deflating serialized
AST structures of anonymous split functions. Valid values range from 0 to 9,
the default value is 4. Higher values will reduce memory size of serialized
AST but increase CPU usage required for compression.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.codegen.debug.trace=<x>
See the description of the codegen logger below.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.fields.objects, -Dnashorn.fields.dual
When the nashorn.fields.objects property is true, Nashorn will always
use object fields for AccessorProperties, requiring boxing for all
primitive property values. When nashorn.fields.dual is set, Nashorn
will always use dual long/object fields, which allows primitives to be
stored without boxing. When neither system property is set, Nashorn
chooses a setting depending on the optimistic types setting (dual
fields when optimistic types are enabled, object-only fields otherwise).
With dual fields, Nashorn uses long fields to store primitive values.
Ints are represented as the 32 low bits of the long fields. Doubles
are represented as the doubleToLongBits of their value. This way a
single field can be used for all primitive types. Packing and
unpacking doubles to their bit representation is intrinsified by
the JVM and extremely fast.
In the future, this might complement or be replaced by experimental
feature sun.misc.TaggedArray, which has been discussed on the mlvm
mailing list. TaggedArrays are basically a way to share data space
between primitives and references, and have the GC understand this.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.compiler.symbol.trace=[<x>[,*]],
-Dnashorn.compiler.symbol.stacktrace=[<x>[,*]]
When this property is set, creation and manipulation of any symbol
named "x" will show information about when the compiler changes its
type assumption, bytecode local variable slot assignment and other
data. This is useful if, for example, a symbol shows up as an Object,
when you believe it should be a primitive. Usually there is an
explanation for this, for example that it exists in the global scope
and type analysis has to be more conservative.
Several symbols names to watch can be specified by comma separation.
If no variable name is specified (and no equals sign), all symbols
will be watched
By using "stacktrace" instead of or together with "trace", stack
traces will be displayed upon symbol changes according to the same
semantics.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.lexer.xmlliterals
If this property it set, it means that the Lexer should attempt to
parse XML literals, which would otherwise generate syntax
errors. Warning: there are currently no unit tests for this
functionality.
XML literals, when this is enabled, end up as standard LiteralNodes in
the IR.
SYSTEM_PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.debug
If this property is set to true, Nashorn runs in Debug mode. Debug
mode is slightly slower, as for example statistics counters are enabled
during the run. Debug mode makes available a NativeDebug instance
called "Debug" in the global space that can be used to print property
maps and layout for script objects, as well as a "dumpCounters" method
that will print the current values of the previously mentioned stats
counters.
These functions currently exists for Debug:
"map" - print(Debug.map(x)) will dump the PropertyMap for object x to
stdout (currently there also exist functions called "embedX", where X
is a value from 0 to 3, that will dump the contents of the embed pool
for the first spill properties in any script object and "spill", that
will dump the contents of the growing spill pool of spill properties
in any script object. This is of course subject to change without
notice, should we change the script object layout.
"methodHandle" - this method returns the method handle that is used
for invoking a particular script function.
"identical" - this method compares two script objects for reference
equality. It is a == Java comparison
"equals" - Returns true if two objects are either referentially
identical or equal as defined by java.lang.Object.equals.
"dumpCounters" - will dump the debug counters' current values to
stdout.
Currently we count number of ScriptObjects in the system, number of
Scope objects in the system, number of ScriptObject listeners added,
removed and dead (without references).
We also count number of ScriptFunctions, ScriptFunction invocations
and ScriptFunction allocations.
Furthermore we count PropertyMap statistics: how many property maps
exist, how many times were property maps cloned, how many times did
the property map history cache hit, prevent new allocations, how many
prototype invalidations were done, how many time the property map
proto cache hit.
Finally we count callsite misses on a per callsite bases, which occur
when a callsite has to be relinked, due to a previous assumption of
object layout being invalidated.
"getContext" - return the current Nashorn context.
"equalWithoutType" - Returns true if if the two objects are both
property maps, and they have identical properties in the same order,
but allows the properties to differ in their types.
"diffPropertyMaps" Returns a diagnostic string representing the difference
of two property maps.
"getClass" - Returns the Java class of an object, or undefined if null.
"toJavaString" - Returns the Java toString representation of an object.
"toIdentString" - Returns a string representation of an object consisting
of its java class name and hash code.
"getListenerCount" - Return the number of property listeners for a
script object.
"getEventQueueCapacity" - Get the capacity of the event queue.
"setEventQueueCapacity" - Set the event queue capacity.
"addRuntimeEvent" - Add a runtime event to the runtime event queue.
The queue has a fixed size (see -Dnashorn.runtime.event.queue.size)
and the oldest entry will be thrown out of the queue is about to overflow.
"expandEventQueueCapacity" - Expands the event queue capacity,
or truncates if capacity is lower than current capacity. Then only
the newest entries are kept.
"clearRuntimeEvents" - Clear the runtime event queue.
"removeRuntimeEvent" - Remove a specific runtime event from the event queue.
"getRuntimeEvents" - Return all runtime events in the queue as an array.
"getLastRuntimeEvent" - Return the last runtime event in the queue.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.methodhandles.debug.stacktrace
This enhances methodhandles logging (see below) to also dump the
stack trace for every instrumented method handle operation.
Warning: This is enormously verbose, but provides a pretty
decent "grep:able" picture of where the calls are coming from.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.cce
Setting this system property causes the Nashorn linker to rely on
ClassCastExceptions for triggering a callsite relink. If not set, the linker
will add an explicit instanceof guard.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.spill.threshold=<x>
This property sets the number of fields in an object from which to use
generic array based spill storage instead of Java fields. The default value
is 256.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.tcs.miss.samplePercent=<x>
When running with the trace callsite option (-tcs), Nashorn will count
and instrument any callsite misses that require relinking. As the
number of relinks is large and usually produces a lot of output, this
system property can be used to constrain the percentage of misses that
should be logged. Typically this is set to 1 or 5 (percent). 1% is the
default value.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.persistent.code.cache
This property can be used to set the directory where Nashorn stores
serialized script classes generated with the -pcc/--persistent-code-cache
option. The default directory name is "nashorn_code_cache".
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.typeInfo.maxFiles
Maximum number of files to store in the type info cache. The type info cache
is used to cache type data of JavaScript functions when running with
optimistic types (-ot/--optimistic-types). There is one file per JavaScript
function in the cache.
The default value is 0 which means the feature is disabled. Setting this
to something like 20000 is probably good enough for most applications and
will usually cap the cache directory to about 80MB presuming a 4kB
filesystem allocation unit. Set this to "unlimited" to run without limit.
If the value is not 0 or "unlimited", Nashorn will spawn a cleanup thread
that makes sure the number of files in the cache does not exceed the given
value by deleting the least recently modified files.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.typeInfo.cacheDir
This property can be used to set the directory where Nashorn stores the
type info cache when -Dnashorn.typeInfo.maxFiles is set to a nonzero
value. The default location is platform specific. On Windows, it is
"${java.io.tmpdir}\com.oracle.java.NashornTypeInfo". On Linux and
Solaris it is "~/.cache/com.oracle.java.NashornTypeInfo". On Mac OS X,
it is "~/Library/Caches/com.oracle.java.NashornTypeInfo".
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.typeInfo.cleanupDelaySeconds=<value>
This sets the delay between cleanups of the typeInfo cache, in seconds.
The default delay is 20 seconds.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.profilefile=<filename>
When running with the profile callsite options (-pcs), Nashorn will
dump profiling data for all callsites to stderr as a shutdown hook. To
instead redirect this to a file, specify the path to the file using
this system property.
SYSTEM_PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.regexp.impl=[jdk|joni]
This property defines the regular expression engine to be used by
Nashorn. Set this flag to "jdk" to get an implementation based on the
JDK's java.util.regex package. Set this property to "joni" to install
an implementation based on Joni, the regular expression engine used by
the JRuby project. The default value for this flag is "joni"
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.runtime.event.queue.size=<value>
Nashorn provides a fixed sized runtime event queue for debugging purposes.
See -Dnashorn.debug for methods to access the event queue.
The default value is 1024.
SYSTEM PROPERTY: -Dnashorn.anonymous.classes.threshold=<value>
Nashorn can use anonymous classes for loading compiled scripts, depending
on the --anonymous-classes=[auto|true|false] option. Anonymous classes load
faster, but the loaded classes get less optimization applied to them and
therefore usually run slower. In the default "auto" setting, scripts are
loaded as anonymous classes if the script size does not exceed 512 bytes.
The above system property allows to set this threshold to a user defined
value.
===============
2. The loggers.
===============
It is very simple to create your own logger. Use the DebugLogger class
and give the subsystem name as a constructor argument.
The Nashorn loggers can be used to print per-module or per-subsystem
debug information with different levels of verbosity. The loggers for
a given subsystem are available are enabled by using
--log=<systemname>[:<level>]
on the command line.
Here <systemname> identifies the name of the subsystem to be logged
and the optional colon and level argument is a standard
java.util.logging.Level name (severe, warning, info, config, fine,
finer, finest). If the level is left out for a particular subsystem,
it defaults to "info". Any log message logged as the level or a level
that is more important will be output to stderr by the logger.
Several loggers can be enabled by a single command line option, by
putting a comma after each subsystem/level tuple (or each subsystem if
level is unspecified). The --log option can also be given multiple
times on the same command line, with the same effect.
For example: --log=codegen,fields:finest is equivalent to
--log=codegen:info --log=fields:finest
The following is an incomplete list of subsystems that currently
support logging. Look for classes implementing
jdk.nashorn.internal.runtime.logging.Loggable for more loggers.
* compiler
The compiler is in charge of turning source code and function nodes
into byte code, and installs the classes into a class loader
controlled from the Context. Log messages are, for example, about
things like new compile units being allocated. The compiler has global
settings that all the tiers of codegen (e.g. Lower and CodeGenerator)
use.s
* recompile
This logger shows information about recompilation of scripts and
functions at runtime. Recompilation may happen because a function
was called with different parameter types, or because an optimistic
assumption failed while executing a function with -ot/--optimistic-types.
* codegen
The code generator is the emitter stage of the code pipeline, and
turns the lowest tier of a FunctionNode into bytecode. Codegen logging
shows byte codes as they are being emitted, line number information
and jumps. It also shows the contents of the bytecode stack prior to
each instruction being emitted. This is a good debugging aid. For
example:
[codegen] #41 line:2 (f)_afc824e
[codegen] #42 load symbol x slot=2
[codegen] #43 {1:O} load int 0
[codegen] #44 {2:I O} dynamic_runtime_call GT:ZOI_I args=2 returnType=boolean
[codegen] #45 signature (Ljava/lang/Object;I)Z
[codegen] #46 {1:Z} ifeq ternary_false_5402fe28
[codegen] #47 load symbol x slot=2
[codegen] #48 {1:O} goto ternary_exit_107c1f2f
[codegen] #49 ternary_false_5402fe28
[codegen] #50 load symbol x slot=2
[codegen] #51 {1:O} convert object -> double
[codegen] #52 {1:D} neg
[codegen] #53 {1:D} convert double -> object
[codegen] #54 {1:O} ternary_exit_107c1f2f
[codegen] #55 {1:O} return object
shows a ternary node being generated for the sequence "return x > 0 ?
x : -x"
The first number on the log line is a unique monotonically increasing
emission id per bytecode. There is no guarantee this is the same id
between runs. depending on non deterministic code
execution/compilation, but for small applications it usually is. If
the system variable -Dnashorn.codegen.debug.trace=<x> is set, where x
is a bytecode emission id, a stack trace will be shown as the
particular bytecode is about to be emitted. This can be a quick way to
determine where it comes from without attaching the debugger. "Who
generated that neg?"
The --log=codegen option is equivalent to setting the system variable
"nashorn.codegen.debug" to true.
* fold
Shows constant folding taking place before lowering
* lower
This is the first lowering pass.
Lower is a code generation pass that turns high level IR nodes into
lower level one, for example substituting comparisons to RuntimeNodes
and inlining finally blocks.
Lower is also responsible for determining control flow information
like end points.
* symbols
The symbols logger tracks the assignment os symbols to identifiers.
* scopedepths
This logs the calculation of scope depths for non-local symbols.
* fields
The --log=fields option (at info level) is equivalent to setting the
system variable "nashorn.fields.debug" to true. At the info level it
will only show info about type assumptions that were invalidated. If
the level is set to finest, it will also trace every AccessorProperty
getter and setter in the program, show arguments, return values
etc. It will also show the internal representation of respective field
(Object in the normal case, unless running with the dual field
representation)
* time
This enables timers for various phases of script compilation. The timers
will be dumped when the Nashorn process exits. We see a percentage value
of how much time was spent not executing bytecode (i.e. compilation and
internal tasks) at the end of the report.
A finer level than "info" will show individual compilation timings as they
happen.
Here is an example:
[time] Accumulated complation phase Timings:
[time]
[time] 'JavaScript Parsing' 1076 ms
[time] 'Constant Folding' 159 ms
[time] 'Control Flow Lowering' 303 ms
[time] 'Program Point Calculation' 282 ms
[time] 'Builtin Replacement' 71 ms
[time] 'Code Splitting' 670 ms
[time] 'Symbol Assignment' 474 ms
[time] 'Scope Depth Computation' 249 ms
[time] 'Optimistic Type Assignment' 186 ms
[time] 'Local Variable Type Calculation' 526 ms
[time] 'Bytecode Generation' 5177 ms
[time] 'Class Installation' 1854 ms
[time]
[time] Total runtime: 11994 ms (Non-runtime: 11027 ms [91%])
* methodhandles
If this logger is enabled, each MethodHandle related call that uses
the java.lang.invoke package gets its MethodHandle intercepted and an
instrumentation printout of arguments and return value appended to
it. This shows exactly which method handles are executed and from
where. (Also MethodTypes and SwitchPoints).
* classcache
This logger shows information about reusing code classes using the
in-memory class cache. Nashorn will try to avoid compilation of
scripts by using existing classes. This can significantly improve
performance when repeatedly evaluating the same script.
=======================
3. Undocumented options
=======================
Here follows a short description of undocumented options for Nashorn.
To see a list of all undocumented options, use the (undocumented) flag
"-xhelp".
i.e. jjs -xhelp or java -jar nashorn.jar -xhelp
Undocumented options are not guaranteed to work, run correctly or be
bug free. They are experimental and for internal or debugging use.
They are also subject to change without notice.
In practice, though, all options below not explicitly documented as
EXPERIMENTAL can be relied upon, for example --dump-on-error is useful
for any JavaScript/Nashorn developer, but there is no guarantee.
A short summary follows:
-D (-Dname=value. Set a system property. This option can be repeated.)
-ccs, --class-cache-size (Size of the Class cache size per global scope.)
-cp, -classpath (-cp path. Specify where to find user class files.)
-co, --compile-only (Compile without running.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-d, --dump-debug-dir (specify a destination directory to dump class files.)
param: <path>
--debug-lines (Generate line number table in .class files.)
param: [true|false] default: true
--debug-locals (Generate local variable table in .class files.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-doe, -dump-on-error (Dump a stack trace on errors.)
param: [true|false] default: false
--early-lvalue-error (invalid lvalue expressions should be reported as early errors.)
param: [true|false] default: true
--empty-statements (Preserve empty statements in AST.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-fv, -fullversion (Print full version info of Nashorn.)
param: [true|false] default: false
--function-statement-error (Report an error when function declaration is used as a statement.)
param: [true|false] default: false
--function-statement-warning (Warn when function declaration is used as a statement.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-fx (Launch script as an fx application.)
param: [true|false] default: false
--global-per-engine (Use single Global instance per script engine instance.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-h, -help (Print help for command line flags.)
param: [true|false] default: false
--loader-per-compile (Create a new class loader per compile.)
param: [true|false] default: true
-l, --locale (Set Locale for script execution.)
param: <locale> default: en-US
--log (Enable logging of a given level for a given number of sub systems.
[for example: --log=fields:finest,codegen:info].)
param: <module:level>,*
-nj, --no-java (Disable Java support.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-nse, --no-syntax-extensions (Disallow non-standard syntax extensions.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-nta, --no-typed-arrays (Disable typed arrays support.)
param: [true|false] default: false
--parse-only (Parse without compiling.)
param: [true|false] default: false
--print-ast (Print abstract syntax tree.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-pc, --print-code (Print generated bytecode. If a directory is specified, nothing will
be dumped to stderr. Also, in that case, .dot files will be generated
for all functions or for the function with the specified name only.)
param: [dir:<output-dir>,function:<name>]
--print-lower-ast (Print lowered abstract syntax tree.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-plp, --print-lower-parse (Print the parse tree after lowering.)
param: [true|false] default: false
--print-no-newline (Print function will not print new line char.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-pp, --print-parse (Print the parse tree.)
param: [true|false] default: false
--print-symbols (Print the symbol table.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-pcs, --profile-callsites (Dump callsite profile data.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-scripting (Enable scripting features.)
param: [true|false] default: false
--stderr (Redirect stderr to a filename or to another tty, e.g. stdout.)
param: <output console>
--stdout (Redirect stdout to a filename or to another tty, e.g. stderr.)
param: <output console>
-strict (Run scripts in strict mode.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-t, -timezone (Set timezone for script execution.)
param: <timezone> default: Europe/Stockholm
-tcs, --trace-callsites (Enable callsite trace mode. Options are: miss [trace callsite misses]
enterexit [trace callsite enter/exit], objects [print object properties].)
param: [=[option,]*]
-urt, --unstable-relink-threshold (Number of times a dynamic call site has to be relinked before it
is considered unstable, when the runtime will try to link it as
if it is megamorphic.)
--verify-code (Verify byte code before running.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-v, -version (Print version info of Nashorn.)
param: [true|false] default: false
-xhelp (Print extended help for command line flags.)
param: [true|false] default: false

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<div id="sharepage" class="smallpagetitle"><h1>Java Scripting Programmer's Guide</h1><div class="sharepage"> <div class="sharepagew1 share-mailto"> <table summary="" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr> <td id="share-mailto"><a href="mailto:?subject=Java%20Documentation%20Page:%20Java%20Scripting%20Programmer%27s%20Guide&amp;body=Check%20out%20this%20page:%20%0A%0Ahttp%3A%2F%2Fdocs.oracle.com%2Fjavase%2F6%2Fdocs%2Ftechnotes%2Fguides%2Fscripting%2Fprogrammer_guide%2Findex.html" class="sharelink mailto" title="Email this page to a friend"></a></td> <td id="share-technorati"><a href="http://technorati.com/search/http%3A%2F%2Fdocs.oracle.com%2Fjavase%2F6%2Fdocs%2Ftechnotes%2Fguides%2Fscripting%2Fprogrammer_guide%2Findex.html" class="sharelink technorati" title="See who links to this page on Technorati"></a></td> <td id="share-delicious"><a href="http://del.icio.us/post?v=4;url=http%3A%2F%2Fdocs.oracle.com%2Fjavase%2F6%2Fdocs%2Ftechnotes%2Fguides%2Fscripting%2Fprogrammer_guide%2Findex.html;title=Java%20Scripting%20Programmer%27s%20Guide" class="sharelink delicious" title="Bookmark this page in del.icio.us"></a></td> <td id="share-digg"><a href="http://digg.com/submit?phase=2&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fdocs.oracle.com%2Fjavase%2F6%2Fdocs%2Ftechnotes%2Fguides%2Fscripting%2Fprogrammer_guide%2Findex.html&amp;title=Java%20Scripting%20Programmer%27s%20Guide" class="sharelink digg" title="Submit this page to Digg"></a></td> <td id="share-slashdot"><a href="http://slashdot.org/bookmark.pl?title=Java%20Scripting%20Programmer%27s%20Guide&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fdocs.oracle.com%2Fjavase%2F6%2Fdocs%2Ftechnotes%2Fguides%2Fscripting%2Fprogrammer_guide%2Findex.html" class="sharelink slashdot" title="Submit this page to Slashdot"></a></td> <td id="share-blank"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div>
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<ul>
<li><span><a href="#who">Who is the Java Scripting API
For?</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#package">Scripting Package</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#examples">Examples</a></span>
<ul>
<li><span><a href="#helloworld">"Hello, World"</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#evalfile">Evaluating a Script
File</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#scriptvars">Script Variables</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#invoke">Invoking Script Functions and
Methods</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#interfaces">Implementing Java Interfaces by
Scripts</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#scopes">Multiple Scopes for
Scripts</a></span></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><span><a href="#jsengine">JavaScript Script
Engine</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#jstojava">JavaScript to Java
Communication</a></span>
<ul>
<li><span><a href="#jsjavaclass">Accessing Java
Classes</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#jsimport">Importing Java Packages,
Classes</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#jsarrays">Creating, Converting and Using Java
Arrays</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#jsimplement">Implementing Java
Interfaces</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#jsextendabstract">Extending Abstract Java Classes
</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#jsextendconcrete">Extending Concrete Java Classes
</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#jsimplementmultiple">Implementing Multiple Java Interfaces
</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#classBoundImplementations">Class-Bound Implementations
</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#jsoverload">Overload Resolution</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#dataTypeMapping">Mapping of Data Types Between Java
and JavaScript</a></span></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><span><a href="#engineimpl">Implementing Your Own Script
Engine</a></span></li>
<li><span><a href="#refs">References</a></span></li>
</ul>
<span><a name="who" id="who"></a></span>
<h2><span>Who is the Java Scripting API For?</span></h2>
<span>Some useful characteristics of scripting languages
are:</span>
<ul>
<li><span><b>Convenience</b>: Most scripting languages are
dynamically typed. You can usually create new variables without
declaring the variable type, and you can reuse variables to store
objects of different types. Also, scripting languages tend to
perform many type conversions automatically, for example,
converting the number 10 to the text "10" as necessary.</span></li>
<li><span><b>Developing rapid prototypes</b>: You can avoid the
edit-compile-run cycle and just use edit-run!</span></li>
<li><span><b>Application extension/customization</b>: You can
"externalize" parts of your application - like configuration
scripts, business logic/rules and math expressions for financial
applications.</span></li>
<li><span><b>"Command line" shells for applications</b> -for
debugging, runtime/deploy time configuration etc. Most applications
have a web-based GUI configuaration tool these days. But
sysadmins/deployers frequently prefer command line tools. Instead
of inventing ad-hoc scripting language for that purpose, a
"standard" scripting language can be used.</span></li>
</ul>
<p><span>The Java<font size="-1"><sup>TM</sup></font> Scripting API
is a scripting language indepedent framework for using script
engines from Java code. With the Java Scripting API, it is possible
to write customizable/extendable applications in the Java language
and leave the customization scripting language choice to the end
user. The Java application developer need not choose the extension
language during development. If you write your application with
JSR-223 API, then your users can use any JSR-223 compliant
scripting language.</span></p>
<hr>
<span><a name="package" id="package"></a></span>
<h2><span>Scripting Package</span></h2>
<p><span>The Java Scripting functionality is in the <code><a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/9/docs/api/javax/script/package-summary.html">javax.script</a></code>
package. This is a relatively small, simple API. The starting point
of the scripting API is the <code>ScriptEngineManager</code> class.
A ScriptEngineManager object can discover script engines through
the jar file service discovery mechanism. It can also instantiate
ScriptEngine objects that interpret scripts written in a specific
scripting language. The simplest way to use the scripting API is as
follows:</span></p>
<ol>
<li><span>Create a <code>ScriptEngineManager</code>
object.</span></li>
<li><span>Get a <code>ScriptEngine</code> object from the
manager.</span></li>
<li><span>Evaluate script using the <code>ScriptEngine</code>'s
<code>eval</code> methods.</span></li>
</ol>
<p><span>Now, it is time to look at some sample code. While it is
not mandatory, it may be useful to know a bit of JavaScript to read
these examples.</span></p>
<hr>
<span><a name="examples" id="examples"></a></span>
<h2><span>Examples</span></h2>
<span><a name="helloworld" id="helloworld"></a></span>
<h3><span>"Hello, World"</span></h3>
<p><span>From the <code>ScriptEngineManager</code> instance, we
request a JavaScript engine instance using
<code>getEngineByName</code> method. On the script engine, the
<code>eval</code> method is called to execute a given String as
JavaScript code! For brevity, in this as well as in subsequent
examples, we have not shown exception handling. There are checked
and runtime exceptions thrown from <code>javax.script</code> API.
Needless to say, you have to handle the exceptions
appropriately.</span></p>
<pre>
<span><code>
// <a href="source/EvalScript.java">EvalScript.java</a>
import javax.script.*;
public class EvalScript {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// create a script engine manager
<span class="classref">ScriptEngineManager</span> factory = new ScriptEngineManager();
// create a JavaScript engine
<span class="classref">ScriptEngine</span> engine = factory.<span class="methodref">getEngineByName</span>("nashorn");
// evaluate JavaScript code from String
engine.<span class="methodref">eval</span>("print('Hello, World')");
}
}
</code></span>
</pre>
<hr>
<a name="evalfile" id="evalfile"></a>
<h3>Evaluating a Script File</h3>
<p>In this example, we call the <code>eval</code> method that
accepts <code>java.io.Reader</code> for the input source. The
script read by the given reader is executed. This way it is
possible to execute scripts from files, URLs and resources by
wrapping the relevant input stream objects as readers.</p>
<pre>
<code>
// <a href="source/EvalFile.java">EvalFile.java</a>
import javax.script.*;
public class EvalFile {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// create a script engine manager
<span class="classref">ScriptEngineManager</span> factory = new ScriptEngineManager();
// create JavaScript engine
<span class="classref">ScriptEngine</span> engine = factory.<span class="methodref">getEngineByName</span>("nashorn");
// evaluate JavaScript code from given file - specified by first argument
engine.<span class="methodref">eval</span>(new java.io.FileReader(args[0]));
}
}
</code>
</pre>
Let us assume that we have the file named <a href="source/test.js">test.js</a> with the
following text:
<pre><code>
print("This is hello from test.js");
</code>
</pre>
We can run the above Java as
<pre><code>
java EvalFile test.js
</code>
</pre>
<hr>
<a name="scriptvars" id="scriptvars"></a>
<h3>Script Variables</h3>
<p>When you embed script engines and scripts with your Java
application, you may want to expose your application objects as
global variables to scripts. This example demonstrates how you can
expose your application objects as global variables to a script. We
create a <code>java.io.File</code> in the application and expose
the same as a global variable with the name "file". The script can
access the variable - for example, it can call public methods on
it. Note that the syntax to access Java objects, methods and fields
is dependent on the scripting language. JavaScript supports the
most "natural" Java-like syntax.</p>
<p>
Nashorn script engine pre-defines two global variables named "context"
and "engine". The "context" variable is of type javax.script.ScriptContext
and refers to the current ScriptContext instance passed to script engine's
eval method. The "engine" variable is of type javax.script.ScriptEngine and
refers to the current nashorn script engine instance evaluating the script.
Both of these variables are non-writable, non-enumerable and non-configurable
- which implies script code can not write overwrite the value, for..loop iteration
on global object will not iterate these variables and these variables can not be
deleted by script.
<pre><code>
// <a href="source/ScriptVars.java">ScriptVars.java</a>
import javax.script.*;
import java.io.*;
public class ScriptVars {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("nashorn");
File f = new File("test.txt");
// expose File object as variable to script
engine.<span class="methodref">put</span>("file", f);
// evaluate a script string. The script accesses "file"
// variable and calls method on it
engine.eval("print(file.getAbsolutePath())");
}
}
</code>
</pre>
<hr>
<a name="invoke" id="invoke"></a>
<h3>Invoking Script Functions and Methods</h3>
<p>Sometimes you may want to call a specific scripting function
repeatedly - for example, your application menu functionality might
be implemented by a script. In your menu's action event handler you
may want to call a specific script function. The following example
demonstrates invoking a specific script function from Java
code.</p>
<pre><code>
// <a href="source/InvokeScriptFunction.java">InvokeScriptFunction.java</a>
import javax.script.*;
public class InvokeScriptFunction {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("nashorn");
// JavaScript code in a String
String script = "function hello(name) { print('Hello, ' + name); }";
// evaluate script
engine.eval(script);
// <code>javax.script.Invocable</code> is an optional interface.
// Check whether your script engine implements it or not!
// Note that the JavaScript engine implements Invocable interface.
<span class="classref">Invocable</span> inv = (Invocable) engine;
// invoke the global function named "hello"
inv.<span class="methodref">invokeFunction</span>("hello", "Scripting!!" );
}
}
</code>
</pre>
<p>If your scripting language is object based (like JavaScript) or
object-oriented, then you can invoke a script method on a script
object.</p>
<pre><code>
// <a href="source/InvokeScriptMethod.java">InvokeScriptMethod.java</a>
import javax.script.*;
public class InvokeScriptMethod {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("nashorn");
// JavaScript code in a String. This code defines a script object 'obj'
// with one method called 'hello'.
String script = "var obj = new Object(); obj.hello = function(name) { print('Hello, ' + name); }";
// evaluate script
engine.eval(script);
// <code>javax.script.Invocable</code> is an optional interface.
// Check whether your script engine implements or not!
// Note that the JavaScript engine implements Invocable interface.
<span class="classref">Invocable</span> inv = (Invocable) engine;
// get script object on which we want to call the method
Object obj = engine.<span class="methodref">get</span>("obj");
// invoke the method named "hello" on the script object "obj"
inv.<span class="methodref">invokeMethod</span>(obj, "hello", "Script Method !!" );
}
}
</code>
</pre>
<hr>
<a name="interfaces" id="interfaces"></a>
<h3>Implementing Java Interfaces by Scripts</h3>
<p>Instead of calling specific script functions from Java,
sometimes it is convenient to implement a Java interface by script
functions or methods. Also, by using interfaces we can avoid having
to use the <code>javax.script</code> API in many places. We can get
an interface implementor object and pass it to various Java APIs.
The following example demonstrates implementing the
<code>java.lang.Runnable</code> interface with a script.</p>
<pre><code>
// <a href="source/RunnableImpl.java">RunnableImpl.java</a>
import javax.script.*;
public class RunnableImpl {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("nashorn");
// JavaScript code in a String
String script = "function run() { print('run called'); }";
// evaluate script
engine.eval(script);
<span class="classref">Invocable</span> inv = (Invocable) engine;
// get Runnable interface object from engine. This interface methods
// are implemented by script functions with the matching name.
Runnable r = inv.<span class="methodref">getInterface</span>(Runnable.class);
// start a new thread that runs the script implemented
// runnable interface
Thread th = new Thread(r);
th.start();
th.join();
}
}
</code>
</pre>
<p>If your scripting language is object-based or object-oriented,
it is possible to implement a Java interface by script methods on
script objects. This avoids having to call script global functions
for interface methods. The script object can store the "state"
associated with the interface implementor.</p>
<pre><code>
// <a href="source/RunnableImplObject.java">RunnableImplObject.java</a>
import javax.script.*;
public class RunnableImplObject {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("nashorn");
// JavaScript code in a String
String script = "var obj = new Object(); obj.run = function() { print('run method called'); }";
// evaluate script
engine.eval(script);
// get script object on which we want to implement the interface with
Object obj = engine.<span class="methodref">get</span>("obj");
<span class="classref">Invocable</span> inv = (Invocable) engine;
// get Runnable interface object from engine. This interface methods
// are implemented by script methods of object 'obj'
Runnable r = inv.<span class="methodref">getInterface</span>(obj, Runnable.class);
// start a new thread that runs the script implemented
// runnable interface
Thread th = new Thread(r);
th.start();
th.join();
}
}
</code>
</pre>
<hr>
<a name="scopes" id="scopes"></a>
<h3>Multiple Scopes for Scripts</h3>
<p>In the <a href="#scriptvars">script variables</a> example, we
saw how to expose application objects as script global variables.
It is possible to expose multiple global "scopes" for scripts. A
single scope is an instance of <code>javax.script.Bindings</code>.
This interface is derived from <code>java.util.Map&lt;String,
Object&gt;</code>. A scope a set of name-value pairs where name is
any non-empty, non-null String.
<code>javax.script.ScriptContext</code> interface supports multiple
scopes with associated Bindings for each
scope. By default, every script engine has a default script
context. The default script context has atleast one scope called
"ENGINE_SCOPE". Various scopes supported by a script context are
available through <code>getScopes</code> method.</p>
<pre><code>
// <a href="source/MultiScopes.java">MultiScopes.java</a>
import javax.script.*;
public class MultiScopes {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("nashorn");
engine.put("x", "hello");
// print global variable "x"
engine.eval("print(x);");
// the above line prints "hello"
// Now, pass a different script context
<span class="classref">ScriptContext</span> newContext = new <span class="classref">SimpleScriptContext</span>();
newContext.setBindings(engine.createBindings(), ScriptContext.ENGINE_SCOPE);
<span class="classref">Bindings</span> engineScope = newContext.<span class="methodref">getBindings</span>(ScriptContext.ENGINE_SCOPE);
// add new variable "x" to the new engineScope
engineScope.<span class="methodref">put</span>("x", "world");
// execute the same script - but this time pass a different script context
engine.eval("print(x);", newContext);
// the above line prints "world"
}
}
</code>
</pre>
<hr>
<a name="jsengine" id="jsengine"></a>
<h2>JavaScript Script Engine</h2>
<p>Oracle's implementation of JDK 8 is co-bundled with the Nashorn ECMAScript
script engine.
<hr>
<a name="jstojava" id="jstojava"></a>
<h2>JavaScript to Java Communication</h2>
<p>For the most part, accessing Java classes, objects and methods
is straightforward. In particular field and method access from
JavaScript is the same as it is from Java. We highlight important
aspects of JavaScript Java access here.
The following examples are JavaScript snippets accessing Java. This
section requires knowledge of JavaScript. This section can be
skipped if you are planning to use some other JSR-223 scripting
language rather than JavaScript.</p>
<hr>
<a name="jsjavaclass" id=jsjavalass"></a>
<h3>Accessing Java Classes</h3>
<pre>
<code>
// <a href="source/javatypes.js">javatypes.js</a>
var arrayListType = Java.type("java.util.ArrayList")
var intType = Java.type("int")
var stringArrayType = Java.type("java.lang.String[]")
var int2DArrayType = Java.type("int[][]")
</code>
</pre>
Note that the name of the type is always a string for a fully qualified name. You can use any of these expressions to create new instances, e.g.:
<pre><code>
var anArrayList = new (Java.type("java.util.ArrayList"))
</code></pre>
or
<pre><code>
var ArrayList = Java.type("java.util.ArrayList")
var anArrayList = new ArrayList
var anArrayListWithSize = new ArrayList(16)
</code></pre>
In the special case of inner classes, you can either use the JVM fully qualified name, meaning using the dollar sign in the class name, or you can use the dot:
<pre><code>
var ftype = Java.type("java.awt.geom.Arc2D$Float")
</code></pre>
and
<pre><code>
var ftype = Java.type("java.awt.geom.Arc2D.Float")
</code></pre>
both work. Note however that using the dollar sign is faster, as Java.type first tries to resolve the class name as it is originally specified, and the internal JVM names for inner classes use the dollar sign. If you use the dot, Java.type will internally get a ClassNotFoundException and subsequently retry by changing the last dot to dollar sign. As a matter of fact, it'll keep replacing dots with dollar signs until it either successfully loads the class or runs out of all dots in the name. This way it can correctly resolve and load even multiply nested inner classes with the dot notation. Again, this will be slower than using the dollar signs in the name. An alternative way to access the inner class is as a property of the outer class:
<pre><code>
var arctype = Java.type("java.awt.geom.Arc2D")
var ftype = arctype.Float
</code></pre>
<p>
You can access both static and non-static inner classes. If you want to create an instance of a non-static inner class, remember to pass an instance of its outer class as the first argument to the constructor.
</p>
<p>
In addition to creating new instances, the type objects returned from <code>Java.type</code> calls can also be used to access the
static fields and methods of the classes:
<pre><code>
var File = Java.type("java.io.File")
File.createTempFile("nashorn", ".tmp")
</code></pre>
<p>
Methods with names of the form <code>isXxx()</code>, <code>getXxx()</code>, and <code>setXxx()</code> can also be used as properties, for both instances and statics.
</p>
<p>
A type object returned from <code>Java.type</code> is distinct from a <code>java.lang.Class</code> object. You can obtain one from the other using properties <code>class</code> and <code>static</code> on them.
<pre><code>
var ArrayList = Java.type("java.util.ArrayList")
var a = new ArrayList
// All of the following print true:
print("Type acts as target of instanceof: " + (a instanceof ArrayList))
print("Class doesn't act as target of instanceof: " + !(a instanceof a.getClass()))
print("Type is not same as instance's getClass(): " + (a.getClass() !== ArrayList))
print("Type's `class` property is same as instance getClass(): " + (a.getClass() === ArrayList.class))
print("Type is same as instance getClass()'s `static` property: " + (a.getClass().static === ArrayList))
</code></pre>
<p>
You can think of the type object as similar to the class names as used in Java source code: you use them as the
arguments to the <code>new</code> and <code>instanceof</code> operators and as the namespace for the static fields
and methods, but they are different than the runtime <code>Class</code> objects returned by <code>getClass()</code> calls.
Syntactically and semantically, this separation produces code that is most similar to Java code, where a distinction
between compile-time class expressions and runtime class objects also exists. (Also, Java can't have the equivalent of <code>static</code>
property on a <code>Class</code> object since compile-time class expressions are never reified as objects).
</p>
<hr>
<a name="jsimport" id="jsimport"></a>
<h3>Importing Java Packages, Classes</h3>
<p>The built-in functions <code>importPackage</code> (in compatibility script) and
<code>importClass</code> can be used to import Java packages and
classes.</p>
<pre><code>
// <a href="source/importpackageclass.js">importpackageclass.js</a>
// load compatibility script
load("nashorn:mozilla_compat.js");
// Import Java packages and classes
// like import package.*; in Java
<span class="functionref">importPackage</span>(java.awt);
// like import java.awt.Frame in Java
<span class="functionref">importClass</span>(java.awt.Frame);
// Create Java Objects by "new ClassName"
var frame = new java.awt.Frame("hello");
// Call Java public methods from script
frame.setVisible(true);
// Access "JavaBean" properties like "fields"
print(frame.title);
</code>
</pre>
<p>The <span class="objectref">Packages</span> global variable can
be used to access Java packages. Examples:
<code>Packages.java.util.Vector</code>,
<code>Packages.javax.swing.JFrame</code>. Please note that "java"
is a shortcut for "Packages.java". There are equivalent shortcuts
for javax, org, edu, com, net prefixes, so pratically all JDK
platform classes can be accessed without the "Packages" prefix.</p>
<p>Note that java.lang is not imported by default (unlike Java)
because that would result in conflicts with JavaScript's built-in
Object, Boolean, Math and so on.</p>
<p><code>importPackage</code> and <code>importClass</code>
functions "pollute" the global variable scope of JavaScript. To
avoid that, you may use <span class="functionref">JavaImporter</span>.</p>
<pre><code>
// <a href="source/javaimporter.js">javaimporter.js</a>
// create JavaImporter with specific packages and classes to import
var SwingGui = new <span class="functionref">JavaImporter</span>(javax.swing,
javax.swing.event,
javax.swing.border,
java.awt.event);
with (SwingGui) {
// within this 'with' statement, we can access Swing and AWT
// classes by unqualified (simple) names.
var mybutton = new JButton("test");
var myframe = new JFrame("test");
}
</code>
</pre>
<hr>
<a name="jsarrays" id="jsarrays"></a>
<h3>Creating, Converting and Using Java Arrays</h3>
<p>
Array element access or length access is the same as in Java.</p>
<pre><code>
// <a href="source/javaarray.js">javaarray.js</a>
// create Java String array of 5 elements
var StringArray = Java.type("java.lang.String[]");
var a = new StringArray(5);
// Accessing elements and length access is by usual Java syntax
a[0] = "scripting is great!";
print(a.length);
print(a[0]);
</code>
</pre>
<p>
It is also possible to convert between JavaScript and Java arrays.
Given a JavaScript array and a Java type, <code>Java.to</code> returns a Java array with the same initial contents, and with the specified array type.
</p>
<pre><code>
var anArray = [1, "13", false]
var javaIntArray = Java.to(anArray, "int[]")
print(javaIntArray[0]) // prints 1
print(javaIntArray[1]) // prints 13, as string "13" was converted to number 13 as per ECMAScript ToNumber conversion
print(javaIntArray[2]) // prints 0, as boolean false was converted to number 0 as per ECMAScript ToNumber conversion
</code></pre>
<p>
You can use either a string or a type object returned from <code>Java.type()</code> to specify the type of the array.
You can also omit the array type, in which case a <code>Object[]</code> will be created.
</p>
<p>
Given a Java array or Collection, <code>Java.from</code> returns a JavaScript array with a shallow copy of its contents. Note that in most cases, you can use Java arrays and lists natively in Nashorn; in cases where for some reason you need to have an actual JavaScript native array (e.g. to work with the array comprehensions functions), you will want to use this method.
</p>
<pre><code>
var File = Java.type("java.io.File");
var listCurDir = new File(".").listFiles();
var jsList = Java.from(listCurDir);
print(jsList);
</code></pre>
<hr>
<a name="jsimplement" id="jsimplement"></a>
<h3>Implementing Java interfaces</h3>
<p>A Java interface can be implemented in JavaScript by using a
Java anonymous class-like syntax:</p>
<pre><code>
// <a href="source/runnable.js">runnable.js</a>
var r = new java.lang.Runnable() {
run: function() {
print("running...\n");
}
};
// "r" can be passed to Java methods that expect java.lang.Runnable
var th = new java.lang.Thread(r);
th.start();
th.join();
</code>
</pre>
<p>When an interface with a single method is expected, you can pass
a script function directly.(auto conversion)</p>
<pre><code>
// <a href="source/samfunc.js">samfunc.js</a>
function func() {
print("I am func!");
}
// pass script function for java.lang.Runnable argument
var th = new java.lang.Thread(func);
th.start();
th.join();
</code>
</pre>
<hr>
<a name="jsextendabstract" id="jsextendabstract"></a>
<h3>Extending Abstract Java Classes</h3>
<p>
If a Java class is abstract, you can instantiate an anonymous subclass of it using an argument list that is applicable to any of its public or protected constructors, but inserting a JavaScript object with functions properties that provide JavaScript implementations of the abstract methods. If method names are overloaded, the JavaScript function will provide implementation for all overloads. E.g.:
</p>
<pre><code>
var TimerTask = Java.type("java.util.TimerTask")
var task = new TimerTask({ run: function() { print("Hello World!") } })
</code></pre>
Nashorn supports a syntactic extension where a "new" expression followed by an argument is identical to invoking the constructor and passing the argument to it, so you can write the above example also as:
<pre><code>
var task = new TimerTask {
run: function() {
print("Hello World!")
}
}
</code></pre>
which is very similar to Java anonymous inner class definition. On the other hand, if the type is an abstract type with a single abstract method (commonly referred to as a "SAM type") or all abstract methods it has share the same overloaded name), then instead of an object, you can just pass a function, so the above example can become even more simplified to:
<pre><code>
var task = new TimerTask(function() { print("Hello World!") })
</code></pre>
<p>
Note that in every one of these cases if you are trying to instantiate an abstract class that has constructors that take some arguments, you can invoke those simply by specifying the arguments after the initial implementation object or function.
</p>
<p>
The use of functions can be taken even further; if you are invoking a Java method that takes a SAM type, you can just pass in a function object, and Nashorn will know what you meant:
</p>
<code><pre>
Java.type("java.util.Timer")
timer.schedule(function() { print("Hello World!") })
</code></pre>
Here, <code>Timer.schedule()</code> expects a <code>TimerTask</code> as its argument, so Nashorn creates an instance of a TimerTask subclass and uses the passed function to implement its only abstract method, run(). In this usage though, you can't use non-default constructors; the type must be either an interface, or must have a protected or public no-arg constructor.
<hr>
<a name="jsextendconcrete" id="jsextendconcrete"></a>
<h3>Extending Concrete Java Classes</h3>
<p>
To extend a concrete Java class, you have to use <code>Java.extend</code> function.
<code>Java.extend</code> returns a type object for a subclass of the specified Java class (or implementation of the specified interface) that acts as a script-to-Java adapter for it.
</p>
<pre><code>
// <a href="source/javaextend.js">javaextend.js</a>
var ArrayList = Java.type("java.util.ArrayList")
var ArrayListExtender = Java.extend(ArrayList)
var printSizeInvokedArrayList = new ArrayListExtender() {
size: function() { print("size invoked!"); }
}
var printAddInvokedArrayList = new ArrayListExtender() {
add: function(x, y) {
if(typeof(y) === "undefined") {
print("add(e) invoked!");
} else {
print("add(i, e) invoked!");
}
}
};
printSizeInvokedArrayList.size();
printAddInvokedArrayList.add(33, 33);
</code></pre>
<p>
The reason you must use <code>Java.extend()</code> with concrete classes is that with concrete classes, there can be a
syntactic ambiguity if you just invoke their constructor. Consider this example:
</p>
<pre><code>
var t = new java.lang.Thread({ run: function() { print("Hello!") } })
</code></pre>
<p>
If we allowed subclassing of concrete classes with constructor syntax, Nashorn couldn't tell if you're creating a new
<code>Thread</code> and passing it a <code>Runnable</code> at this point, or you are subclassing <code>Thread</code> and
passing it a new implementation for its own <code>run()</code> method.
</p>
<hr>
<a name="jsimplementmultiple" id="jsimplementmultiple"></a>
<h3>Implementing Multiple Interfaces</h3>
<p>
<code>Java.extend</code> can in fact take a list of multiple types. At most one of the types can be a class, and the rest must
be interfaces (the class doesn't have to be the first in the list). You will get back an object that extends the class and
implements all the interfaces. (Obviously, if you only specify interfaces and no class, the object will extend <code>java.lang.Object</code>).
<hr>
<a name="classBoundImplementations" id="classBoundImplementations"></a>
<h3>Class-Bound Implementations</h3>
<p>
The methods shown so far for extending Java classes and implementing interfaces &ndash; passing an implementation JavaScript object
or function to a constructor, or using <code>Java.extend</code> with <code>new</code> &ndash; all produce classes that take an
extra JavaScript object parameter in their constructors that specifies the implementation. The implementation is therefore always bound
to the actual instance being created with <code>new</code>, and not to the whole class. This has some advantages, for example in the
memory footprint of the runtime, as Nashorn can just create a single "universal adapter" for every combination of types being implemented.
In reality, the below code shows that different instantiations of, say, <code>Runnable</code> have the same class regardless of them having
different JavaScript implementation objects:
</p>
<pre><code>
var Runnable = java.lang.Runnable;
var r1 = new Runnable(function() { print("I'm runnable 1!") })
var r2 = new Runnable(function() { print("I'm runnable 2!") })
r1.run()
r2.run()
print("We share the same class: " + (r1.class === r2.class))
</code></pre>
<p>
prints:
</p>
<pre><code>
I'm runnable 1!
I'm runnable 2!
We share the same class: true
</code></pre>
<p>
Sometimes, however, you'll want to extend a Java class or implement an interface with implementation bound to the class, not to
its instances. Such a need arises, for example, when you need to pass the class for instantiation to an external API; prime example
of this is the JavaFX framework where you need to pass an Application class to the FX API and let it instantiate it.
</p>
<p>
Fortunately, there's a solution for that: <code>Java.extend()</code> &ndash; aside from being able to take any number of type parameters
denoting a class to extend and interfaces to implement &ndash; can also take one last argument that has to be a JavaScript object
that serves as the implementation for the methods. In this case, <code>Java.extend()</code> will create a class that has the same
constructors as the original class had, as they don't need to take an an extra implementation object parameter. The example below
shows how you can create class-bound implementations, and shows that in this case, the implementation classes for different invocations
are indeed different:
</p>
<pre><code>
var RunnableImpl1 = Java.extend(java.lang.Runnable, function() { print("I'm runnable 1!") })
var RunnableImpl2 = Java.extend(java.lang.Runnable, function() { print("I'm runnable 2!") })
var r1 = new RunnableImpl1()
var r2 = new RunnableImpl2()
r1.run()
r2.run()
print("We share the same class: " + (r1.class === r2.class))
</code></pre>
<p>
prints:
</p>
<pre><code>
I'm runnable 1!
I'm runnable 2!
We share the same class: false
</code></pre>
<p>
As you can see, the major difference here is that we moved the implementation object into the invocation of <code>Java.extend</code>
from the constructor invocations &ndash; indeed the constructor invocations now don't even need to take an extra parameter! Since
the implementations are bound to a class, the two classes obviously can't be the same, and we indeed see that the two runnables no
longer share the same class &ndash; every invocation of <code>Java.extend()</code> with a class-specific implementation object triggers
the creation of a new Java adapter class.
</p>
<p>
Finally, the adapter classes with class-bound implementations can <i>still</i> take an additional constructor parameter to further
override the behavior on a per-instance basis. Thus, you can even combine the two approaches: you can provide part of the implementation
in a class-based JavaScript implementation object passed to <code>Java.extend</code>, and part in another object passed to the constructor.
Whatever functions are provided by the constructor-passed object will override the functions in the class-bound object.
</p>
<pre><code>
var RunnableImpl = Java.extend(java.lang.Runnable, function() { print("I'm runnable 1!") })
var r1 = new RunnableImpl()
var r2 = new RunnableImpl(function() { print("I'm runnable 2!") })
r1.run()
r2.run()
print("We share the same class: " + (r1.class === r2.class))
</code></pre>
<p>
prints:
</p>
<pre><code>
I'm runnable 1!
I'm runnable 2!
We share the same class: true
</code></pre>
<hr>
<a name="jsoverload" id="jsoverload"></a>
<h3>Overload Resolution</h3>
<p>Java methods can be overloaded by argument types. In Java,
overload resolution occurs at compile time (performed by javac).
When calling Java methods from Nashorn, the appropriate method will be
selected based on the argument types at invocation time. You do not need
to do anything special &ndash; the correct Java method overload variant
is selected based automatically. You still have the option of explicitly
specifying a particular overload variant. Reasons for this include
either running into a genuine ambiguity with actual argument types, or
rarely reasons of performance &ndash; if you specify the actual overload
then the engine doesn't have to perform resolution during invocation.
Individual overloads of a Java methods are exposed as special properties
with the name of the method followed with its signature in parentheses.
You can invoke them like this:</p>
<pre><code>
// <a href="source/overload.js">overload.js</a>
var out = java.lang.System.out;
// select a particular print function
out["println(Object)"]("hello");
</code>
</pre>
<p>
Note that you normally don't even have to use qualified class names in
the signatures as long as the unqualified name of the type is sufficient
for uniquely identifying the signature. In practice this means that only
in the extremely unlikely case that two overloads only differ in
parameter types that have identical unqualified names but come from
different packages would you need to use the fully qualified name of the
class.
</p>
<hr>
<a name="dataTypeMapping" id="dataTypeMapping"></a>
<h3>Mapping of Data Types Between Java and JavaScript</h3>
<p>
We have previously shown some of the data type mappings between Java and JavaScript.
We saw that arrays need to be explicitly converted. We have also shown that JavaScript functions
are automatically converted to SAM types when passed as parameters to Java methods. Most other
conversions work as you would expect.
</p>
<p>
Every JavaScript object is also a <code>java.util.Map</code> so APIs receiving maps will receive them directly.
</p>
<p>
When numbers are passed to a Java API, they will be converted to the expected target numeric type, either boxed or
primitive, but if the target type is less specific, say <code>Number</code> or <code>Object</code>, you can only
count on them being a <code>Number</code>, and have to test specifically for whether it's a boxed <code>Double</code>,
<code>Integer</code>, <code>Long</code>, etc. &ndash; it can be any of these due to internal optimizations. Also, you
can pass any JavaScript value to a Java API expecting either a boxed or primitive number; the JavaScript specification's
<code>ToNumber</code> conversion algorithm will be applied to the value.
</p>
<p>
In a similar vein, if a Java method expects a <code>String</code> or a <code>Boolean</code>, the values will be
converted using all conversions allowed by the JavaScript specification's <code>ToString</code> and <code>ToBoolean</code>
conversions.
</p>
<p>
Finally, a word of caution about strings. Due to internal performance optimizations of string operations, JavaScript strings are
not always necessarily of type <code>java.lang.String</code>, but they will always be of type <code>java.lang.CharSequence</code>.
If you pass them to a Java method that expects a <code>java.lang.String</code> parameter, then you will naturally receive a Java
String, but if the signature of your method is more generic, i.e. it receives a <code>java.lang.Object</code> parameter, you can
end up with an object of private engine implementation class that implements <code>CharSequence</code> but is not a Java String.
</p>
<hr>
<a name="engineimpl" id="engineimpl"></a>
<h2>Implementing Your Own Script Engine</h2>
<p>We will not cover implementation of JSR-223 compliant script
engines in detail. Minimally, you need to implement the
<code>javax.script.ScriptEngine</code> and
<code>javax.script.ScriptEngineFactory</code> interfaces. The
abstract class <code>javax.script.AbstractScriptEngine</code>
provides useful defaults for a few methods of the
<code>ScriptEngine</code> interface.</p>
<p>Before starting to implement a JSR-223 engine, you may want to
check <a href="http://java.net/projects/Scripting">http://java.net/projects/Scripting</a>
project. This project maintains JSR-223 implementations for many
popular open source scripting languages.</p>
<hr>
<a name="refs" id="refs"></a>
<h2>References</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=223">JSR-223 Scripting
for the Java Platform</a></li>
<li><a href="http://java.net/projects/Scripting">http://java.net/projects/Scripting
</a></li>
</ul>
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doc/nashorn/source/EvalFile.java
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@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
import javax.script.ScriptEngine;
import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager;
@SuppressWarnings("javadoc")
public class EvalFile {
public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {
// create a script engine manager
final ScriptEngineManager factory = new ScriptEngineManager();
// create JavaScript engine
final ScriptEngine engine = factory.getEngineByName("nashorn");
// evaluate JavaScript code from given file - specified by first argument
engine.eval(new java.io.FileReader(args[0]));
}
}

46
doc/nashorn/source/EvalScript.java
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@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
import javax.script.ScriptEngine;
import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager;
@SuppressWarnings("javadoc")
public class EvalScript {
public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {
// create a script engine manager
final ScriptEngineManager factory = new ScriptEngineManager();
// create a JavaScript engine
final ScriptEngine engine = factory.getEngineByName("nashorn");
// evaluate JavaScript code from String
engine.eval("print('Hello, World')");
}
}

58
doc/nashorn/source/InvokeScriptFunction.java
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@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
import javax.script.Invocable;
import javax.script.ScriptEngine;
import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager;
@SuppressWarnings("javadoc")
public class InvokeScriptFunction {
public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {
final ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
final ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("nashorn");
// JavaScript code in a String
final String script = "function hello(name) { print('Hello, ' + name); }";
// evaluate script
engine.eval(script);
// javax.script.Invocable is an optional interface.
// Check whether your script engine implements or not!
// Note that the JavaScript engine implements Invocable interface.
final Invocable inv = (Invocable) engine;
// invoke the global function named "hello"
inv.invokeFunction("hello", "Scripting!!" );
}
}

59
doc/nashorn/source/InvokeScriptMethod.java
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@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
import javax.script.Invocable;
import javax.script.ScriptEngine;
import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager;
@SuppressWarnings("javadoc")
public class InvokeScriptMethod {
public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {
final ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
final ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("nashorn");
// JavaScript code in a String. This code defines a script object 'obj'
// with one method called 'hello'.
final String script = "var obj = new Object(); obj.hello = function(name) { print('Hello, ' + name); }";
// evaluate script
engine.eval(script);
// javax.script.Invocable is an optional interface.
// Check whether your script engine implements or not!
// Note that the JavaScript engine implements Invocable interface.
final Invocable inv = (Invocable) engine;
// get script object on which we want to call the method
final Object obj = engine.get("obj");
// invoke the method named "hello" on the script object "obj"
inv.invokeMethod(obj, "hello", "Script Method !!" );
}
}

63
doc/nashorn/source/MultiScopes.java
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@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
import javax.script.Bindings;
import javax.script.ScriptContext;
import javax.script.ScriptEngine;
import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager;
import javax.script.SimpleScriptContext;
@SuppressWarnings("javadoc")
public class MultiScopes {
public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {
final ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
final ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("nashorn");
engine.put("x", "hello");
// print global variable "x"
engine.eval("print(x);");
// the above line prints "hello"
// Now, pass a different script context
final ScriptContext newContext = new SimpleScriptContext();
newContext.setBindings(engine.createBindings(), ScriptContext.ENGINE_SCOPE);
final Bindings engineScope = newContext.getBindings(ScriptContext.ENGINE_SCOPE);
// add new variable "x" to the new engineScope
engineScope.put("x", "world");
// execute the same script - but this time pass a different script context
engine.eval("print(x);", newContext);
// the above line prints "world"
}
}

60
doc/nashorn/source/RunnableImpl.java
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@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
import javax.script.Invocable;
import javax.script.ScriptEngine;
import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager;
@SuppressWarnings("javadoc")
public class RunnableImpl {
public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {
final ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
final ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("nashorn");
// JavaScript code in a String
final String script = "function run() { print('run called'); }";
// evaluate script
engine.eval(script);
final Invocable inv = (Invocable) engine;
// get Runnable interface object from engine. This interface methods
// are implemented by script functions with the matching name.
final Runnable r = inv.getInterface(Runnable.class);
// start a new thread that runs the script implemented
// runnable interface
final Thread th = new Thread(r);
th.start();
th.join();
}
}

63
doc/nashorn/source/RunnableImplObject.java
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@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
import javax.script.Invocable;
import javax.script.ScriptEngine;
import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager;
@SuppressWarnings("javadoc")
public class RunnableImplObject {
public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {
final ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
final ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("nashorn");
// JavaScript code in a String
final String script = "var obj = new Object(); obj.run = function() { print('run method called'); }";
// evaluate script
engine.eval(script);
// get script object on which we want to implement the interface with
final Object obj = engine.get("obj");
final Invocable inv = (Invocable) engine;
// get Runnable interface object from engine. This interface methods
// are implemented by script methods of object 'obj'
final Runnable r = inv.getInterface(obj, Runnable.class);
// start a new thread that runs the script implemented
// runnable interface
final Thread th = new Thread(r);
th.start();
th.join();
}
}

53
doc/nashorn/source/ScriptVars.java
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@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
import java.io.File;
import javax.script.ScriptEngine;
import javax.script.ScriptEngineManager;
@SuppressWarnings("javadoc")
public class ScriptVars {
public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {
final ScriptEngineManager manager = new ScriptEngineManager();
final ScriptEngine engine = manager.getEngineByName("nashorn");
final File f = new File("test.txt");
// expose File object as variable to script
engine.put("file", f);
// evaluate a script string. The script accesses "file"
// variable and calls method on it
engine.eval("print(file.getAbsolutePath())");
}
}

45
doc/nashorn/source/importpackageclass.js
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@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
// load compatibility script
load("nashorn:mozilla_compat.js");
// Import Java packages and classes
// like import package.*; in Java
importPackage(java.awt);
// like import java.awt.Frame in Java
importClass(java.awt.Frame);
// Create Java Objects by "new ClassName"
var frame = new java.awt.Frame("hello");
// Call Java public methods from script
frame.setVisible(true);
// Access "JavaBean" properties like "fields"
print(frame.title);

52
doc/nashorn/source/javaarray.js
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@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
// create Java String array of 5 elements
var StringArray = Java.type("java.lang.String[]");
var a = new StringArray(5);
// Accessing elements and length access is by usual Java syntax
a[0] = "scripting is great!";
print(a.length);
print(a[0]);
// convert a script array to Java array
var anArray = [1, "13", false];
var javaIntArray = Java.to(anArray, "int[]");
print(javaIntArray[0]);// prints 1
print(javaIntArray[1]); // prints 13, as string "13" was converted to number 13 as per ECMAScript ToNumber conversion
print(javaIntArray[2]);// prints 0, as boolean false was converted to number 0 as per ECMAScript ToNumber conversion
// convert a Java array to a JavaScript array
var File = Java.type("java.io.File");
var listCurDir = new File(".").listFiles();
var jsList = Java.from(listCurDir);
print(jsList);

47
doc/nashorn/source/javaextend.js
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@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
var ArrayList = Java.type("java.util.ArrayList")
var ArrayListExtender = Java.extend(ArrayList)
var printSizeInvokedArrayList = new ArrayListExtender() {
size: function() { print("size invoked!"); }
}
var printAddInvokedArrayList = new ArrayListExtender() {
add: function(x, y) {
if(typeof(y) === "undefined") {
print("add(e) invoked!");
} else {
print("add(i, e) invoked!");
}
}
};
printSizeInvokedArrayList.size();
printAddInvokedArrayList.add(33, 33);

48
doc/nashorn/source/javaimporter.js
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@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
// create JavaImporter with specific packages and classes to import
var SwingGui = new JavaImporter(javax.swing,
javax.swing.event,
javax.swing.border,
java.awt.event);
with (SwingGui) {
// within this 'with' statement, we can access Swing and AWT
// classes by unqualified (simple) names.
var mybutton = new JButton("test");
print(mybutton);
var myframe = new JFrame("test");
print(myframe);
}

50
doc/nashorn/source/javatypes.js
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@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
// accessing java types
var arrayListType = Java.type("java.util.ArrayList")
var intType = Java.type("int")
var stringArrayType = Java.type("java.lang.String[]")
var int2DArrayType = Java.type("int[][]")
// Using java types
var ArrayList = Java.type("java.util.ArrayList")
var anArrayList = new ArrayList
var anArrayListWithSize = new ArrayList(16)
// fully qualified name
var ftype = Java.type("java.awt.geom.Arc2D$Float")
// inner class property
var arctype = Java.type("java.awt.geom.Arc2D")
var ftype = arctype.Float

36
doc/nashorn/source/overload.js
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@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
var out = java.lang.System.out;
// select a particular print function
out["println(java.lang.Object)"]("hello");

41
doc/nashorn/source/runnable.js
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@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
var r = new java.lang.Runnable() {
run: function() {
print("running...\n");
}
};
// "r" can be passed to Java methods that expect java.lang.Runnable
var th = new java.lang.Thread(r);
th.start();
th.join();

39
doc/nashorn/source/samfunc.js
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@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
function func() {
print("I am func!");
}
// pass script function for java.lang.Runnable argument
var th = new java.lang.Thread(func);
th.start();
th.join();

32
doc/nashorn/source/test.js
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@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
/*
* Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
*
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
*
* - Neither the name of Oracle nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
* IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
* LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
* NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
* SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
print("This is hello from test.js");