diff --git a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/ClassFinder.java b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/ClassFinder.java
index 95f8f847923..972d6a1075b 100644
--- a/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/ClassFinder.java
+++ b/src/jdk.compiler/share/classes/com/sun/tools/javac/code/ClassFinder.java
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ public class ClassFinder {
      * available from the module system.
      */
     long getSupplementaryFlags(ClassSymbol c) {
-        if (jrtIndex == null || !jrtIndex.isInJRT(c.classfile) || c.name == names.module_info) {
+        if (c.name == names.module_info) {
             return 0;
         }
 
@@ -257,17 +257,22 @@ public class ClassFinder {
             try {
                 ModuleSymbol owningModule = packge.modle;
                 if (owningModule == syms.noModule) {
-                    JRTIndex.CtSym ctSym = jrtIndex.getCtSym(packge.flatName());
-                    Profile minProfile = Profile.DEFAULT;
-                    if (ctSym.proprietary)
-                        newFlags |= PROPRIETARY;
-                    if (ctSym.minProfile != null)
-                        minProfile = Profile.lookup(ctSym.minProfile);
-                    if (profile != Profile.DEFAULT && minProfile.value > profile.value) {
-                        newFlags |= NOT_IN_PROFILE;
+                    if (jrtIndex != null && jrtIndex.isInJRT(c.classfile)) {
+                        JRTIndex.CtSym ctSym = jrtIndex.getCtSym(packge.flatName());
+                        Profile minProfile = Profile.DEFAULT;
+                        if (ctSym.proprietary)
+                            newFlags |= PROPRIETARY;
+                        if (ctSym.minProfile != null)
+                            minProfile = Profile.lookup(ctSym.minProfile);
+                        if (profile != Profile.DEFAULT && minProfile.value > profile.value) {
+                            newFlags |= NOT_IN_PROFILE;
+                        }
                     }
                 } else if (owningModule.name == names.jdk_unsupported) {
                     newFlags |= PROPRIETARY;
+                } else {
+                    // don't accumulate user modules in supplementaryFlags
+                    return 0;
                 }
             } catch (IOException ignore) {
             }
diff --git a/test/langtools/tools/javac/options/system/SystemSunProprietary.java b/test/langtools/tools/javac/options/system/SystemSunProprietary.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0a16305aaba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/langtools/tools/javac/options/system/SystemSunProprietary.java
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Alphabet LLC. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * @test
+ * @bug 8331081
+ * @summary Verify 'internal proprietary API' diagnostics if --system is configured
+ * @library /tools/lib
+ * @modules jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.api jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.main
+ *     jdk.compiler/com.sun.tools.javac.jvm jdk.jdeps/com.sun.tools.javap
+ * @build toolbox.ToolBox toolbox.JarTask toolbox.JavacTask toolbox.JavapTask toolbox.TestRunner
+ * @run main SystemSunProprietary
+ */
+import toolbox.JavacTask;
+import toolbox.Task;
+import toolbox.Task.Expect;
+import toolbox.TestRunner;
+import toolbox.ToolBox;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class SystemSunProprietary extends TestRunner {
+
+    private final ToolBox tb = new ToolBox();
+
+    public SystemSunProprietary() {
+        super(System.err);
+    }
+
+    public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
+        new SystemSunProprietary().runTests();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testUnsafe(Path base) throws IOException {
+        Path src = base.resolve("src");
+        tb.writeJavaFiles(
+                src,
+                "module m { requires jdk.unsupported; }",
+                "package test; public class Test { sun.misc.Unsafe unsafe; } ");
+        Path classes = base.resolve("classes");
+        tb.createDirectories(classes);
+
+        List<String> log;
+        List<String> expected =
+                Arrays.asList(
+                        "Test.java:1:43: compiler.warn.sun.proprietary: sun.misc.Unsafe",
+                        "1 warning");
+
+        log =
+                new JavacTask(tb)
+                        .options("-XDrawDiagnostics")
+                        .outdir(classes)
+                        .files(tb.findJavaFiles(src))
+                        .run(Expect.SUCCESS)
+                        .writeAll()
+                        .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+
+        if (!expected.equals(log)) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Unexpected output: " + log);
+        }
+
+        log =
+                new JavacTask(tb)
+                        .options("-XDrawDiagnostics", "--system", System.getProperty("java.home"))
+                        .outdir(classes)
+                        .files(tb.findJavaFiles(src))
+                        .run(Expect.SUCCESS)
+                        .writeAll()
+                        .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+
+        if (!expected.equals(log)) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Unexpected output: " + log);
+        }
+
+        // Create a valid argument to system that isn't the current java.home
+        Path originalSystem = Path.of(System.getProperty("java.home"));
+        Path system = base.resolve("system");
+        for (String path : List.of("release", "lib/modules", "lib/jrt-fs.jar")) {
+            Path to = system.resolve(path);
+            Files.createDirectories(to.getParent());
+            Files.copy(originalSystem.resolve(path), to);
+        }
+
+        log =
+                new JavacTask(tb)
+                        .options("-XDrawDiagnostics", "--system", system.toString())
+                        .outdir(classes)
+                        .files(tb.findJavaFiles(src))
+                        .run(Expect.SUCCESS)
+                        .writeAll()
+                        .getOutputLines(Task.OutputKind.DIRECT);
+
+        if (!expected.equals(log)) {
+            throw new AssertionError("Unexpected output: " + log);
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected void runTests() throws Exception {
+        runTests(m -> new Object[] {Paths.get(m.getName())});
+    }
+}