diff --git a/src/hotspot/share/gc/epsilon/epsilonHeap.cpp b/src/hotspot/share/gc/epsilon/epsilonHeap.cpp
index c44baa3cc04..3cd5665e045 100644
--- a/src/hotspot/share/gc/epsilon/epsilonHeap.cpp
+++ b/src/hotspot/share/gc/epsilon/epsilonHeap.cpp
@@ -125,17 +125,21 @@ HeapWord* EpsilonHeap::allocate_work(size_t size, bool verbose) {
 
       // Expand and loop back if space is available
       size_t size_in_bytes = size * HeapWordSize;
-      size_t space_left = max_capacity() - capacity();
+      size_t uncommitted_space = max_capacity() - capacity();
+      size_t unused_space = max_capacity() - used();
       size_t want_space = MAX2(size_in_bytes, EpsilonMinHeapExpand);
+      assert(unused_space >= uncommitted_space,
+             "Unused (" SIZE_FORMAT ") >= uncommitted (" SIZE_FORMAT ")",
+             unused_space, uncommitted_space);
 
-      if (want_space < space_left) {
+      if (want_space < uncommitted_space) {
         // Enough space to expand in bulk:
         bool expand = _virtual_space.expand_by(want_space);
         assert(expand, "Should be able to expand");
-      } else if (size_in_bytes < space_left) {
+      } else if (size_in_bytes < unused_space) {
         // No space to expand in bulk, and this allocation is still possible,
         // take all the remaining space:
-        bool expand = _virtual_space.expand_by(space_left);
+        bool expand = _virtual_space.expand_by(uncommitted_space);
         assert(expand, "Should be able to expand");
       } else {
         // No space left:
diff --git a/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/epsilon/TestEnoughUnusedSpace.java b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/epsilon/TestEnoughUnusedSpace.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2578b3fb2e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/hotspot/jtreg/gc/epsilon/TestEnoughUnusedSpace.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ *
+ */
+
+package gc.epsilon;
+
+/**
+ * @test TestEnoughUnusedSpace
+ * @requires vm.gc.Epsilon
+ * @summary Epsilon should allocates object successfully if it has enough space.
+ * @run main/othervm -Xms64M -Xmx128M -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions
+ *                   -XX:+UseEpsilonGC gc.epsilon.TestEnoughUnusedSpace
+ */
+
+public class TestEnoughUnusedSpace {
+    static volatile Object arr;
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        // Create an array about 90M. It should be created successfully
+        // instead of throwing OOME, because 90M is smaller than 128M.
+        arr = new byte[90 * 1024 * 1024];
+    }
+}