jdk-24/doc/testing.md

% Testing the JDK

Using "make test" (the run-test framework)

This new way of running tests is developer-centric. It assumes that you have built a JDK locally and want to test it. Running common test targets is simple, and more complex ad-hoc combination of tests is possible. The user interface is forgiving, and clearly report errors it cannot resolve.

The main target test uses the jdk-image as the tested product. There is also an alternate target exploded-test that uses the exploded image instead. Not all tests will run successfully on the exploded image, but using this target can greatly improve rebuild times for certain workflows.

Previously, make test was used invoke an old system for running test, and make run-test was used for the new test framework. For backward compatibility with scripts and muscle memory, run-test (and variants like exploded-run-test or run-test-tier1) are kept as aliases. The old system can still be accessed for some time using cd test && make.

Some example command-lines:

$ make test-tier1
$ make test-jdk_lang JTREG="JOBS=8"
$ make test TEST=jdk_lang
$ make test-only TEST="gtest:LogTagSet gtest:LogTagSetDescriptions" GTEST="REPEAT=-1"
$ make test TEST="hotspot:hotspot_gc" JTREG="JOBS=1;TIMEOUT=8;VM_OPTIONS=-XshowSettings -Xlog:gc+ref=debug"
$ make test TEST="jtreg:test/hotspot:hotspot_gc test/hotspot/jtreg/native_sanity/JniVersion.java"
$ make exploded-test TEST=tier2

Configuration

To be able to run JTReg tests, configure needs to know where to find the JTReg test framework. If it is not picked up automatically by configure, use the --with-jtreg=<path to jtreg home> option to point to the JTReg framework. Note that this option should point to the JTReg home, i.e. the top directory, containing lib/jtreg.jar etc. (An alternative is to set the JT_HOME environment variable to point to the JTReg home before running configure.)

Test selection

All functionality is available using the test make target. In this use case, the test or tests to be executed is controlled using the TEST variable. To speed up subsequent test runs with no source code changes, test-only can be used instead, which do not depend on the source and test image build.

For some common top-level tests, direct make targets have been generated. This includes all JTReg test groups, the hotspot gtest, and custom tests (if present). This means that make test-tier1 is equivalent to make test TEST="tier1", but the latter is more tab-completion friendly. For more complex test runs, the test TEST="x" solution needs to be used.

The test specifications given in TEST is parsed into fully qualified test descriptors, which clearly and unambigously show which tests will be run. As an example, :tier1 will expand to jtreg:$(TOPDIR)/test/hotspot/jtreg:tier1 jtreg:$(TOPDIR)/test/jdk:tier1 jtreg:$(TOPDIR)/test/langtools:tier1 jtreg:$(TOPDIR)/test/nashorn:tier1 jtreg:$(TOPDIR)/test/jaxp:tier1. You can always submit a list of fully qualified test descriptors in the TEST variable if you want to shortcut the parser.

JTReg

JTReg tests can be selected either by picking a JTReg test group, or a selection of files or directories containing JTReg tests.

JTReg test groups can be specified either without a test root, e.g. :tier1 (or tier1, the initial colon is optional), or with, e.g. hotspot:tier1, test/jdk:jdk_util or $(TOPDIR)/test/hotspot/jtreg:hotspot_all. The test root can be specified either as an absolute path, or a path relative to the JDK top directory, or the test directory. For simplicity, the hotspot JTReg test root, which really is hotspot/jtreg can be abbreviated as just hotspot.

When specified without a test root, all matching groups from all test roots will be added. Otherwise, only the group from the specified test root will be added.

Individual JTReg tests or directories containing JTReg tests can also be specified, like test/hotspot/jtreg/native_sanity/JniVersion.java or hotspot/jtreg/native_sanity. Just like for test root selection, you can either specify an absolute path (which can even point to JTReg tests outside the source tree), or a path relative to either the JDK top directory or the test directory. hotspot can be used as an alias for hotspot/jtreg here as well.

As long as the test groups or test paths can be uniquely resolved, you do not need to enter the jtreg: prefix. If this is not possible, or if you want to use a fully qualified test descriptor, add jtreg:, e.g. jtreg:test/hotspot/jtreg/native_sanity.

Gtest

Since the Hotspot Gtest suite is so quick, the default is to run all tests. This is specified by just gtest, or as a fully qualified test descriptor gtest:all.

If you want, you can single out an individual test or a group of tests, for instance gtest:LogDecorations or gtest:LogDecorations.level_test_vm. This can be particularly useful if you want to run a shaky test repeatedly.

For Gtest, there is a separate test suite for each JVM variant. The JVM variant is defined by adding /<variant> to the test descriptor, e.g. gtest:Log/client. If you specify no variant, gtest will run once for each JVM variant present (e.g. server, client). So if you only have the server JVM present, then gtest:all will be equivalent to gtest:all/server.

Special tests

A handful of odd tests that are not covered by any other testing framework are accessible using the special: test descriptor. Currently, this includes hotspot-internal, failure-handler and make.

• Hotspot legacy internal testing (run using -XX:+ExecuteInternalVMTests) is run using special:hotspot-internal or just hotspot-internal as test descriptor, and will only work on a debug JVM.

• Failure handler testing is run using special:failure-handler or just failure-handler as test descriptor.

• Tests for the build system, including both makefiles and related functionality, is run using special:make or just make as test descriptor. This is equivalent to special:make:all.

  A specific make test can be run by supplying it as argument, e.g. special:make:idea. As a special syntax, this can also be expressed as make-idea, which allows for command lines as make test-make-idea.

Test results and summary

At the end of the test run, a summary of all tests run will be presented. This will have a consistent look, regardless of what test suites were used. This is a sample summary:

==============================
Test summary
==============================
   TEST                                          TOTAL  PASS  FAIL ERROR
>> jtreg:jdk/test:tier1                           1867  1865     2     0 <<
   jtreg:langtools/test:tier1                     4711  4711     0     0
   jtreg:nashorn/test:tier1                        133   133     0     0
==============================
TEST FAILURE

Tests where the number of TOTAL tests does not equal the number of PASSed tests will be considered a test failure. These are marked with the >> ... << marker for easy identification.

The classification of non-passed tests differs a bit between test suites. In the summary, ERROR is used as a catch-all for tests that neither passed nor are classified as failed by the framework. This might indicate test framework error, timeout or other problems.

In case of test failures, make test will exit with a non-zero exit value.

All tests have their result stored in build/$BUILD/test-results/$TEST_ID, where TEST_ID is a path-safe conversion from the fully qualified test descriptor, e.g. for jtreg:jdk/test:tier1 the TEST_ID is jtreg_jdk_test_tier1. This path is also printed in the log at the end of the test run.

Additional work data is stored in build/$BUILD/test-support/$TEST_ID. For some frameworks, this directory might contain information that is useful in determining the cause of a failed test.

Test suite control

It is possible to control various aspects of the test suites using make control variables.

These variables use a keyword=value approach to allow multiple values to be set. So, for instance, JTREG="JOBS=1;TIMEOUT=8" will set the JTReg concurrency level to 1 and the timeout factor to 8. This is equivalent to setting JTREG_JOBS=1 JTREG_TIMEOUT=8, but using the keyword format means that the JTREG variable is parsed and verified for correctness, so JTREG="TMIEOUT=8" would give an error, while JTREG_TMIEOUT=8 would just pass unnoticed.

To separate multiple keyword=value pairs, use ; (semicolon). Since the shell normally eats ;, the recommended usage is to write the assignment inside qoutes, e.g. JTREG="...;...". This will also make sure spaces are preserved, as in JTREG="VM_OPTIONS=-XshowSettings -Xlog:gc+ref=debug".

(Other ways are possible, e.g. using backslash: JTREG=JOBS=1\;TIMEOUT=8. Also, as a special technique, the string %20 will be replaced with space for certain options, e.g. JTREG=VM_OPTIONS=-XshowSettings%20-Xlog:gc+ref=debug. This can be useful if you have layers of scripts and have trouble getting proper quoting of command line arguments through.)

As far as possible, the names of the keywords have been standardized between test suites.

JTReg keywords

JOBS

The test concurrency (-concurrency).

Defaults to TEST_JOBS (if set by --with-test-jobs=), otherwise it defaults to JOBS, except for Hotspot, where the default is number of CPU cores/2, but never more than 12.

TIMEOUT

The timeout factor (-timeoutFactor).

Defaults to 4.

TEST_MODE

The test mode (-agentvm, -samevm or -othervm).

Defaults to -agentvm.

ASSERT

Enable asserts (-ea -esa, or none).

Set to true or false. If true, adds -ea -esa. Defaults to true, except for hotspot.

VERBOSE

The verbosity level (-verbose).

Defaults to fail,error,summary.

RETAIN

What test data to retain (-retain).

Defaults to fail,error.

MAX_MEM

Limit memory consumption (-Xmx and -vmoption:-Xmx, or none).

Limit memory consumption for JTReg test framework and VM under test. Set to 0 to disable the limits.

Defaults to 512m, except for hotspot, where it defaults to 0 (no limit).

OPTIONS

Additional options to the JTReg test framework.

Use JTREG="OPTIONS=--help all" to see all available JTReg options.

JAVA_OPTIONS

Additional Java options to JTReg (-javaoption).

VM_OPTIONS

Additional VM options to JTReg (-vmoption).

Gtest keywords

REPEAT

The number of times to repeat the tests (--gtest_repeat).

Default is 1. Set to -1 to repeat indefinitely. This can be especially useful combined with OPTIONS=--gtest_break_on_failure to reproduce an intermittent problem.

OPTIONS

Additional options to the Gtest test framework.

Use GTEST="OPTIONS=--help" to see all available Gtest options.

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